Granular Consent

Granular consent is an AI UX pattern that splits agent permissions into per-capability toggles (read vs send email, view vs book calendar) instead of one all-or-nothing grant. Users authorize least privilege and revoke pieces without resetting the whole integration.

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Interactive demo

Settings → Agents → Inbox assistant

Allowed actions

Turn each action on or off. Changes apply immediately.

2 actions turned on

Read inbox

Summarize threads and detect action items.

Send email

Draft and send as you, including external domains.

Modify calendar

Create and move events on your primary calendar.

Overview

The design problem

How might we design granular consent so people can trust and act on AI output?

Use this pattern

When this pattern fits

  • Essential for AI assistants, enterprise agents, and connector ecosystems where least-privilege permissions reduce risk and let users tailor scope to the specific task without losing the rest of the integration.

Avoid this pattern

When to skip or lighten it

  • Tiny prototypes with a single harmless capability where toggles add clutter.
  • Environments that only support coarse OAuth scopes and cannot honor fine toggles.
  • One-shot local tools with no persisted permissions.

States

State model coming soon

Key UX elements

Key UX elements coming soon

Anti-patterns to avoid

  • A single “Allow all” default that collapses granularity.

  • Toggles that look independent but still require re-auth of everything on change.

  • No plain-language description of what each capability can do.

  • Hiding previously granted scopes so users cannot audit them later.

How products use it

ProductImplementation
GitHub AppsFine-grained repository and permission scopes at install time.
Google Workspace add-onsPer-API scopes rather than blanket account access.
iOS / macOS privacy panesPer-capability access to photos, mic, and screen recording.
ChatGPT / Claude connectorsConnector permissions broken into discrete actions where platforms allow.

Real-world examples

How shipped products implement granular consent, from our teardown guides.

All teardowns

Implementation

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Pattern Definition:

Frequently asked questions

What is granular consent for AI agents?

Granular consent lets users grant or revoke individual agent capabilities instead of one bundled allow-all permission, matching least-privilege security to how people think about risk.

How does granular consent relate to scope disclosure?

Scope disclosure explains what the agent can reach in plain language. Granular consent is the control surface to change those capabilities. Strong agent UX needs both explanation and toggles.

Why avoid bundled agent permissions?

Bundled grants over-authorize “just in case,” expand blast radius on mistakes or compromise, and make revoke all-or-nothing. Per-capability toggles keep access tied to the current task.

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